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Trigonometry reference

Sine function

sin(x), sine function.

sin(x), sine function.

Sine definition

In a right triangle ABC the sine of α, sin(α) is defined as the ratio betwween the side opposite to angle α and the side opposite to the right angle (hypotenuse):

sin α = a / c

Example

a = 3"
c = 5"
sin α = a / c = 3 / 5 = 0.6

Graph of sine

TBD

Sine rules

Rule name Rule
Symmetry sin(-θ) = -sin θ
Symmetry sin(90°- θ) = cos θ
Pythagorean identity sin2 α + cos2 α = 1
sin θ = cos θ × tan θ
sin θ = 1 / csc θ
Double angle sin 2θ = 2 sin θ cos θ
Angles sum sin(α+β) = sin α cos
										β + cos α sin β |

| Angles difference | sin(α-β) = sin α cos β - cos α sin β | | Sum to product | sin α + sin β = 2 sin [( α+β)/2] cos [(α-β)/2] | | Difference to product | sin α - sin β = 2 sin [( α-β)/2] cos [(α+β)/2] | | Law of sines | a / sin α = b / sin β = c / sin γ | | Derivative | sin' x = cos x | | Integral | ∫ sin x dx = - cos x + C | | Euler's formula | sin x = (eix - e-ix) / 2i |

Inverse sine function

The arcsine of x is defined as the inverse sine function of x when -1≤x≤1.

When the sine of y is equal to x:

sin y = x

Then the arcsine of x is equal to the inverse sine function of x, which is equal to y:

arcsin x = sin-1(x) = y

See: Arcsin function

Sine table

| x (°) | x (rad) | sin x |

| --- | --- | --- | | -90° | -π/2 | -1 | | -60° | -π/3 | -√3/2 | | -45° | -π/4 | -√2/2 | | -30° | -π/6 | -1/2 | | 0° | 0 | 0 | | 30° | π/6 | 1/2 | | 45° | π/4 | √2/2 | | 60° | π/3 | √3/2 | | 90° | π/2 | 1 |