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    "Voltage is the nominal basis for the mAh rating",
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    "Ignores charge/discharge efficiency and Peukert effects",
    "V ≤ 0 → VOLTAGE_MUST_BE_POSITIVE"
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    "Zero voltage on mAh→Wh (scale-product) yields 0 Wh — soft boundary",
    "Zero voltage on Wh→mAh (scale-quotient) yields 0 mAh — soft boundary",
    "Zero mAh yields 0 Wh",
    "Ignores charge/discharge efficiency and Peukert effects"
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  "sources": [
    {
      "title": "IEC 60050 — International Electrotechnical Vocabulary",
      "section": "Electric charge (IEV 113-02-10)",
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      "section": "Watt hour (IEV 131-11-58)",
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      "supports": "Unit scaling mAh → Ah (10⁻³); Wh = A·h × V at constant V",
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      "accessed": "2026-09-05",
      "published": "2026-06",
      "doi": "https://doi.org/10.59161/AUEZ1291"
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      "title": "NIST Guide to the SI (SP 811)",
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      "url": "https://www.nist.gov/pml/special-publication-811",
      "supports": "Wh = mAh × V / 1000; Q = Wh × 1000 / V",
      "kind": "reference"
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      "title": "Battery industry convention",
      "section": "Nominal voltage basis for mAh ratings",
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