{
  "capability_id": "electrical.amps_to_kw",
  "tool_id": "amps-to-kw",
  "engine": "amps-kw",
  "calculation_version": "1.4.3",
  "generated_at": "2026-09-16T22:03:43.704Z",
  "engine_build": "2026-09-10",
  "test_count": 16,
  "passed": 16,
  "failed": 0,
  "tests_summary": {
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      "total": 8,
      "passed": 8
    },
    "boundary": {
      "total": 3,
      "passed": 3
    },
    "property": {
      "total": 5,
      "passed": 5
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  "engine_tested": true,
  "expert_reviewed": true,
  "internally_reviewed": false,
  "review_kind": "expert",
  "source_checked": true,
  "reviewed_by": "CalculatorX electrical review",
  "reviewer_role": "electrical-engineer",
  "last_reviewed": "2026-09-05",
  "expert_review": {
    "status": "approved",
    "reviewer": {
      "name": "CalculatorX electrical review",
      "role": "electrical-engineer"
    },
    "reviewed_at": "2026-09-05",
    "scope": [
      "formula",
      "input semantics",
      "assumptions",
      "limitations",
      "sources",
      "tests"
    ],
    "kind": "expert"
  },
  "internal_review": {
    "status": "not_applicable",
    "reviewer": null
  },
  "page": "https://www.calculatorx.com/calc/electric/amps-to-kw",
  "api": "https://www.calculatorx.com/api/v1/calc/amps-to-kw",
  "schema_input": "https://www.calculatorx.com/schemas/electrical.amps_to_kw.input.json",
  "schema_output": "https://www.calculatorx.com/schemas/electrical.amps_to_kw.output.json",
  "assumptions": [
    "Balanced three-phase when AC 3φ (L-L) is selected.",
    "Voltage is RMS for AC.",
    "DC does not use power factor. AC uses total power factor λ on real power."
  ],
  "limitations": [
    "DC, single-phase AC, or balanced three-phase L-L only",
    "DC payloads must omit power_factor",
    "Not for unbalanced three-phase",
    "Not for line-to-neutral three-phase as a selectable mode",
    "AC power_factor must be in (0, 1] — no soft coerce",
    "V ≤ 0 → VOLTAGE_MUST_BE_POSITIVE",
    "factor is an implementation constant (0.001) and is not an Agent input"
  ],
  "boundary_conditions": [
    "AC power_factor must be in (0, 1] — PF≤0 → FRACTION_OUT_OF_RANGE (dedicated amps-kw engine)",
    "Voltage must be > 0 — zero/negative → VOLTAGE_MUST_BE_POSITIVE",
    "Zero current yields 0 kW — soft boundary",
    "Canonical Agent fields are current_a / power_kw / voltage_v / system / power_factor; REST still accepts a, b, phase, pf"
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "title": "IEC 60050 — International Electrotechnical Vocabulary",
      "section": "Active power (IEV 131-11-42)",
      "url": "https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-11-42",
      "supports": "P is active power; unit watt (W). DC P = V·I. Under sinusoidal conditions P = Re S.",
      "kind": "standard",
      "accessed": "2026-09-05",
      "clause": "IEV 131-11-42"
    },
    {
      "title": "IEC 60050 — International Electrotechnical Vocabulary",
      "section": "Power factor (IEV 131-11-46)",
      "url": "https://www.electropedia.org/iev/iev.nsf/display?openform&ievref=131-11-46",
      "supports": "λ = |P| / S; AC real-power formulas multiply V·I (and √3 for 3φ L-L) by λ",
      "kind": "standard",
      "accessed": "2026-09-05",
      "clause": "IEV 131-11-46"
    },
    {
      "title": "IEEE Std 1459-2025",
      "section": "Real power under balanced three-phase line-to-line conditions",
      "url": "https://standards.ieee.org/ieee/1459/7578/",
      "supports": "1φ P = PF·I·V/1000; 3φ L-L P = √3·PF·I·V/1000",
      "kind": "standard",
      "accessed": "2026-09-05",
      "publisher": "IEEE",
      "published": "2025-05-16",
      "errata_checked": true
    },
    {
      "title": "BIPM SI Brochure (9th edition, version 4.01)",
      "section": "SI units for ampere, volt, and watt",
      "url": "https://www.bipm.org/en/publications/si-brochure",
      "supports": "DC P = V·I; kW = 1000 W unit scaling",
      "kind": "reference",
      "accessed": "2026-09-05",
      "published": "2026-06",
      "doi": "https://doi.org/10.59161/AUEZ1291"
    }
  ],
  "methods": [],
  "fingerprint": "sha256:efe17d16f1cee0557a8485a5ad6b47260cde93de783eca46403df7b744206399",
  "tests": [
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      "id": "1phi-12A-120V",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "golden",
      "inputs": {
        "mode": "a-kw",
        "current_a": 12,
        "voltage_v": 120,
        "system": "ac_single",
        "power_factor": 1
      },
      "expect": 1.44,
      "expectWarning": null,
      "actual": 1.44,
      "tol": 0.001
    },
    {
      "id": "dc-40A-240V",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "golden",
      "inputs": {
        "mode": "a-kw",
        "current_a": 40,
        "voltage_v": 240,
        "system": "dc"
      },
      "expect": 9.6,
      "expectWarning": null,
      "actual": 9.6,
      "tol": 0.001
    },
    {
      "id": "3phi-20A-400V",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "golden",
      "inputs": {
        "mode": "a-kw",
        "current_a": 20,
        "voltage_v": 400,
        "system": "ac_three",
        "power_factor": 0.9
      },
      "expect": 12.471,
      "expectWarning": null,
      "actual": 12.470765814495916,
      "tol": 0.01
    },
    {
      "id": "kw-to-amps-10",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "golden",
      "inputs": {
        "mode": "kw-a",
        "power_kw": 10,
        "voltage_v": 400,
        "system": "ac_three",
        "power_factor": 0.9
      },
      "expect": 16.04,
      "expectWarning": null,
      "actual": 16.037507477489605,
      "tol": 0.02,
      "engine": "amps-kw"
    },
    {
      "id": "1phi-linear-2x-current",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "golden",
      "inputs": {
        "mode": "a-kw",
        "current_a": 24,
        "voltage_v": 120,
        "system": "ac_single",
        "power_factor": 1
      },
      "expect": 2.88,
      "expectWarning": null,
      "actual": 2.88,
      "tol": 0.001
    },
    {
      "id": "3phi-half-pf",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "golden",
      "inputs": {
        "mode": "a-kw",
        "current_a": 20,
        "voltage_v": 400,
        "system": "ac_three",
        "power_factor": 0.45
      },
      "expect": 6.236,
      "expectWarning": null,
      "actual": 6.235382907247958,
      "tol": 0.01
    },
    {
      "id": "soft-zero-current",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "golden",
      "inputs": {
        "mode": "a-kw",
        "current_a": 0,
        "voltage_v": 230,
        "system": "ac_single",
        "power_factor": 1
      },
      "expect": 0,
      "expectWarning": null,
      "actual": 0,
      "tol": 1e-12
    },
    {
      "id": "kw-zero-volts",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "boundary",
      "inputs": {
        "mode": "kw-a",
        "power_kw": 10,
        "voltage_v": 0,
        "system": "ac_single",
        "power_factor": 1
      },
      "expectError": "VOLTAGE_MUST_BE_POSITIVE",
      "code": "VOLTAGE_MUST_BE_POSITIVE",
      "error": "voltage_v must be greater than zero",
      "engine": "amps-kw"
    },
    {
      "id": "pf-zero",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "boundary",
      "inputs": {
        "mode": "a-kw",
        "current_a": 20,
        "voltage_v": 400,
        "system": "ac_three",
        "power_factor": 0
      },
      "expectError": "FRACTION_OUT_OF_RANGE",
      "code": "FRACTION_OUT_OF_RANGE",
      "error": "power_factor must be in (0, 1]"
    },
    {
      "id": "roundtrip-1phi-kw-a",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "golden",
      "inputs": {
        "mode": "kw-a",
        "power_kw": 1.44,
        "voltage_v": 120,
        "system": "ac_single",
        "power_factor": 1
      },
      "expect": 12,
      "expectWarning": null,
      "actual": 12,
      "tol": 0.02,
      "engine": "amps-kw"
    },
    {
      "id": "bad-system",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "boundary",
      "inputs": {
        "mode": "a-kw",
        "current_a": 10,
        "voltage_v": 230,
        "system": "two",
        "power_factor": 1
      },
      "expectError": "INVALID_MODE",
      "code": "INVALID_MODE",
      "error": "system must be \"dc\", \"ac_single\", or \"ac_three\""
    },
    {
      "id": "property-1phi",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "property",
      "detail": "12A·120V",
      "expect": 1.44,
      "actual": 1.44
    },
    {
      "id": "property-3phi",
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      "kind": "property",
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    {
      "id": "property-roundtrip",
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      "kind": "property",
      "detail": "kw→A",
      "expect": 12,
      "actual": 12
    },
    {
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      "ok": true,
      "kind": "property",
      "detail": "DC 40A·240V",
      "expect": 9.6,
      "actual": 9.6
    },
    {
      "id": "property-rest-alias",
      "ok": true,
      "kind": "property",
      "detail": "REST a/b/phase",
      "expect": 1.44,
      "actual": 1.44
    }
  ],
  "tier": "expert_verified",
  "verification": {
    "tests": {
      "passed": 16,
      "total": 16,
      "golden": 8,
      "boundary": 3,
      "property": 5
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  "rendered_at": "2026-09-16T22:03:43.704Z",
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