ls -r option flag lists files/directories in reverse order.
ls -R option flag lists directory tree recursively.
ls -r
ls -r option flag lists files/directories in reverse order.
Syntax
$ ls -r [options] [file|dir]
Examples
Default list:
$ ls Desktop Downloads Pictures Templates Videos Documents Music Public todo.txt $
List in reverse order:
$ ls -r Videos Templates Pictures Downloads Desktop todo.txt Public Music Documents $
Long listing format in reverse order:
$ ls -lr total 4 drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Videos -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 131 2011-08-17 18:07 todo.txt drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Templates drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17
16:52 Public drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 120 2011-08-17 18:14 Pictures drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Music drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Downloads drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52
Documents drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 80 2011-08-17 16:52 Desktop $
Long listing format sorted by date/time in reverse order:
$ ls -ltr total 4 drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Videos drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Templates drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Public drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17
16:52 Music drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Downloads drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Documents drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 80 2011-08-17 16:52 Desktop -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 131 2011-08-17 18:07
todo.txt drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 120 2011-08-17 18:14 Pictures $
ls -R
ls -R option flag lists directory tree recursively.
Syntax
$ ls -R [options] [file|dir]
Examples
Recursive listing:
$ ls -R .:
Desktop Downloads Pictures Templates Videos Documents Music Public todo.txt
./Desktop:
examples.desktop ubiquity-gtkui.desktop
./Documents:
./Downloads:
./Music:
./Pictures:
ls-a.png ls-full-path.png ls-l.png ls-s.png
./Public:
./Templates:
./Videos:
$
Long listing format with recursive listing:
$ ls -lR .:
total 4 drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 80 2011-08-17 16:52 Desktop drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Documents drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Downloads drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17
16:52 Music drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 120 2011-08-17 18:14 Pictures drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Public drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Templates -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 131 2011-08-17 18:07 todo.txt drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Videos
./Desktop:
total 12 -rwxr-xr-x 1 user user 203 2011-08-17 16:52 examples.desktop -rwxr-xr-x 1 user user 7672 2011-08-17 16:19 ubiquity-gtkui.desktop
./Documents:
total 0
./Downloads:
total 0
./Music:
total 0
./Pictures:
total 556 -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 94114 2011-08-17 18:13 ls-a.png -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 254129 2011-08-17 18:14 ls-full-path.png -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 102761 2011-08-17 18:13 ls-l.png -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 77374
2011-08-17 18:12 ls-s.png
./Public:
total 0
./Templates:
total 0
./Videos:
total 0 $