ls -l option flag lists with long listing format.
Syntax
$ ls -l [options] [file|dir]
Examples
ls, default list with short format:
$ ls Desktop Downloads Pictures Templates Videos Documents Music Public todo.txt $
ls -l, long listing format:
$ ls -l total 4 drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 80 2011-08-17 16:52 Desktop drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Documents drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Downloads drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40
2011-08-17 16:52 Music drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 120 2011-08-17 18:14 Pictures drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Public drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Templates -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 131 2011-08-17
18:07 todo.txt drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Videos $
ls -la, long listing format with hidden files:
$ ls -la total 40 drwxr-xr-x 25 user user 680 2011-08-17 18:07 . drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 60 2011-08-17 16:19 .. -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 220 2011-08-17 16:19 .bash_logout -rw-r--r--
1 user user 3353 2011-08-17 16:19 .bashrc drwx------ 7 user user 220 2011-08-17 17:58 .cache drwx------ 9 user user 220 2011-08-17 18:02 .config drwx------ 3 user user 60 2011-08-17 16:19
.dbus drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 80 2011-08-17 16:52 Desktop drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Documents drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Downloads -rw-------
1 user user 16 2011-08-17 16:20 .esd_auth drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 100 2011-08-17 17:56 .fontconfig drwx------ 4 user user 80 2011-08-17 16:52 .gconf drwx------ 2 user user
60 2011-08-17 18:14 .gconfd drwx------ 5 user user 100 2011-08-17 16:52 .gnome2 drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 60 2011-08-17 17:58 .gstreamer-0.10 -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 142 2011-08-17 16:52 .gtk-bookmarks dr-x------ 2 user user 0 2011-08-17 16:52 .gvfs -rw------- 1 user user 318 2011-08-17 16:52 .ICEauthority drwxr-xr-x 3 user user 60 2011-08-17 17:56 .libreoffice drwxr-xr-x
3 user user 60 2011-08-17 16:52 .local drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Music drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 .nautilus drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 120 2011-08-17
18:14 Pictures -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 675 2011-08-17 16:19 .profile drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Public drwx------ 2 user user 160 2011-08-17 16:20 .pulse -rw-------
1 user user 256 2011-08-17 16:20 .pulse-cookie drwxr-xr-x 5 user user 100 2011-08-17 17:58 .shotwell drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Templates drwx------ 3 user user
60 2011-08-17 18:02 .thumbnails -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 131 2011-08-17 18:07 todo.txt drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Videos -rw------- 1 user user 8030 2011-08-17 18:16 .xsession-errors $
ls -lh, long listing format with file size in human readable form:
$ ls -lh total 4 drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 80 2011-08-17 16:52 Desktop drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Documents drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Downloads drwxr-xr-x 2
user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Music drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 120 2011-08-17 18:14 Pictures drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Public drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Templates -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 3K 2011-08-22 19:47 todo1.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 1.8K 2011-08-22 18:07 todo2.txt -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 5K 2011-08-22 18:07 todo3.txt drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17
16:52 Videos $
Long listing format with file size:
$ ls -ls total 4 0 drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 80 2011-08-17 16:52 Desktop 0 drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Documents 0 drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Downloads 0 drwxr-xr-x
2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Music 0 drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 120 2011-08-17 18:14 Pictures 0 drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Public 0 drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52
Templates 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 131 2011-08-17 18:07 todo.txt 0 drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Videos $
Long listing format sorted by file size:
$ ls -lS total 4 -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 131 2011-08-17 18:07 todo.txt drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 120 2011-08-17 18:14 Pictures drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 80 2011-08-17 16:52 Desktop drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17
16:52 Documents drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Downloads drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Music drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Public drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17
16:52 Templates drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Videos $
Long listing format sorted by date/time:
$ ls -lt total 4 drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 120 2011-08-17 18:14 Pictures -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 131 2011-08-17 18:07 todo.txt drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 80 2011-08-17 16:52 Desktop drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17
16:52 Documents drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Downloads drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Music drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Public drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17
16:52 Templates drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Videos $
Long listing format in reverse order:
$ ls -lr total 4 drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Videos -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 131 2011-08-17 18:07 todo.txt drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Templates drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17
16:52 Public drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 120 2011-08-17 18:14 Pictures drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Music drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Downloads drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52
Documents drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 80 2011-08-17 16:52 Desktop $
Long listing format sorted by date/time in reverse order:
$ ls -ltr total 4 drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Videos drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Templates drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Public drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17
16:52 Music drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Downloads drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Documents drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 80 2011-08-17 16:52 Desktop -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 131 2011-08-17 18:07
todo.txt drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 120 2011-08-17 18:14 Pictures $
Long listing format with recursive list:
$ ls -lR .:
total 4 drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 80 2011-08-17 16:52 Desktop drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Documents drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Downloads drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17
16:52 Music drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 120 2011-08-17 18:14 Pictures drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Public drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Templates -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 131 2011-08-17 18:07 todo.txt drwxr-xr-x 2 user user 40 2011-08-17 16:52 Videos
./Desktop:
total 12 -rwxr-xr-x 1 user user 203 2011-08-17 16:52 examples.desktop -rwxr-xr-x 1 user user 7672 2011-08-17 16:19 ubiquity-gtkui.desktop
./Documents:
total 0
./Downloads:
total 0
./Music:
total 0
./Pictures:
total 556 -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 94114 2011-08-17 18:13 ls-a.png -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 254129 2011-08-17 18:14 ls-full-path.png -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 102761 2011-08-17 18:13 ls-l.png -rw-r--r-- 1 user user 77374
2011-08-17 18:12 ls-s.png
./Public:
total 0
./Templates:
total 0
./Videos:
total 0 $